Dr. Meltem Can İke, Assistant Professor and Neurologist at Istanbul Atlas University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, provided an assessment regarding Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Dr. İke gave the following information:
MS progresses differently in each patient.
“Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the body's own nervous system. The protective sheath called 'myelin,' which protects nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord and enables the transmission of messages, is perceived as a foreign substance by immune cells and damaged. This damage (demyelination) leads to disruptions or interruptions in nerve transmissions. These damaged areas in the brain are called 'plaques.' MS is described as a 'disease with a thousand faces' because it progresses differently in each patient and can affect different nerve pathways.”
Pay attention to risk factors and triggers in MS!
Although the exact cause of MS is not yet fully understood, a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors is considered responsible. These factors can be listed as follows:
Genetic predisposition: It is not a directly hereditary disease; however, having a family history of MS slightly increases the risk.
Vitamin D and Sunlight: As you move away from the equator, the incidence of MS increases in regions where sunlight decreases. Vitamin D deficiency is a significant risk factor.
Smoking: Smoking not only increases the risk of contracting the disease, but also significantly accelerates its progression.
Infections: Certain viruses, particularly the Epstein-Barr virus (mononucleosis), are thought to trigger the immune system and predispose individuals to MS.
Age and Gender: It is usually seen in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40, and is 2-3 times more common in women than in men.
MS is manageable and controllable.
The biggest misconception in the public is that MS is an incurable disease. MS is a manageable and controllable disease. Treatment strategies fall under three main headings:
Attack TreatmentDuring periods when symptoms appear suddenly (attacks), high doses of cortisone (pulse therapy) are administered to reduce inflammation.
Disease-Modifying Therapies (Preventive Therapies)Revolutionary developments have occurred in this field over the last 20 years. Today, thanks to pills, injections, and intravenously administered "smart drugs" (monoclonal antibodies), the frequency of attacks and the risk of disability can be reduced by 70-80%.
Symptomatic Treatment: Symptoms that impair quality of life, such as fatigue, muscle stiffness, pain, or bladder problems experienced by patients, are controlled with additional treatments.
MS patients should pay attention to critical points.
Dr. Meltem Can İke, Assistant Professor, stated, "Receiving an MS diagnosis is not the end of life, but a transition to a new way of life," and listed the points that newly diagnosed patients should pay attention to during this process as follows:
Temperature Control: Even small increases in body temperature (fever, hot bath, sun) can slow nerve transmission, causing pre-existing symptoms to temporarily recur. Staying cool is very important.
Medication ComplianceIn MS treatment, consistency is essential. Stopping medication by saying "I'm fine now" is inviting the formation of new plaques that silently progress in the brain.
Protection Against InfectionsA simple urinary tract infection or a severe case of the flu can mimic or trigger an MS attack. Hygiene and regular vaccinations (under a doctor's supervision) are critical.
These Recommendations Can Be Effective in Improving Quality of Life
Dr. Meltem Can İke, Assistant Professor, listed the things that MS patients should do to maintain a high quality of life and live in harmony with MS as follows:
Follow a Mediterranean diet: Eat a diet rich in olive oil, fresh vegetables, fish, and whole grains. Limit your salt intake, as there is scientific evidence that high salt levels may increase immune aggression.
Don't Neglect ExerciseRegular, non-strenuous physical activity (swimming, yoga, pilates) preserves muscle strength and combats fatigue.
Get your Vitamin D levels checked: Keep your blood vitamin D levels at the high levels recommended by your neurologist.
Prioritize your mental health.MS is a process full of uncertainties. Seek professional psychological support if needed to cope with anxiety and depression. Stress is the biggest enemy of MS.
Avoid Information PollutionDo not believe claims of "complete cures for MS" such as herbal mixtures or miracle cures that lack scientific basis. Your only point of contact should be your neurologist.
Living with MS means living more consciously.
Dr. Meltem Can İke, Assistant Professor, concluded her remarks as follows:
“In conclusion, the vast majority of our MS patients are able to continue working, marry, have children, and lead active lives with the right treatment and a healthy lifestyle. Living with MS is not about being cut off from life; it's about living life more consciously. Remember, don't fear MS, fear delay and misinformation.”
